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NEWS

• Early diagnosis lets patients look Alzheimer's square in the face...
• "Our data strongly suggest that genetic factors make a substantial contribution to autism, but that does not mean that the entire cause of autism is genetic. Together with many other studies, our study argues that genetic factors play a very important role in autism, while leaving open a role for other, environmental factors..."
• "Unidentified traumatic brain injury is an unrecognized major source of social and vocational failure."
• Meningitis is far more common in children than is encephalitis.
• Alzheimer’s is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, representing 60 percent of all dementias in those over 65.
• The Epilepsy Therapy Project will provide almost US$300,000 over the next two years to a group of researchers from leading Australian institutions including the University of Newcastle.
• Headache is the seventh leading reason for outpatient physician visits in the United States.
• Severe septicaemia including meningococcal septicaemia - the blood poisoning form of meningitis - is a major cause of death and disability in children.
• Initial hopes for improved narcolepsy medicines that replace hypocretin have faded, because studies showed that the molecule did not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
• Michael J. Fox Foundation Awards $2.4 Million For Validation Of Nine Promising Therapeutic Targets For Parkinson's Disease.
• A long-term study provides important clues that may help doctors predict the clinical course of some individuals’ multiple sclerosis.
• "We found that we could pick up seizure activity in most of the patients using aEEG monitors that included the raw signals."
• Chemotherapy, while effective at treating tumors, often harms healthy cells as well, leading to severe side effects especially in young children.

Sleep Disorder

Sleep disturbances occur in about 12% to 25% of the general population and are often associated with situational stress, illness, aging, and drug treatment. Poor sleep adversely affects daytime mood and performance. In the general population, persistent insomnia has been associated with a higher risk of developing clinical anxiety or depression. Sleep disturbances and, ultimately, sleep-wake cycle reversals, can be early signs of a developing delirium.

Four major categories of sleep disorders have been defined by the Sleep Disorders Classification Committee:

1. Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (insomnias)
2. Disorders of the sleep-wake cycle
3. Dysfunctions associated with sleep; sleep stages, or partial arousals (parasomnias)
4. Disorders of excessive somnolence

Risk factors for sleep disorders:

• Disease factors including paraneoplastic syndromes with increased steroid production; symptoms associated with tumor invasion (e.g., obstruction, pain, fever, shortness of breath, pruritus, fatigue)
• Treatment factors including symptoms related to surgery (e.g., pain, frequent monitoring, narcotics); chemotherapy (e.g., exogenous corticosteroids); symptoms related to chemotherapy
• Medications such as narcotics, sedatives/hypnotics, steroids, caffeine/nicotine, some antidepressants, dietary supplements including some vitamins, diet pills and other products promoting weight loss and appetite.